Calculate the volume of a solid with a base region R, where R is enclosed by f(x) =...
Check the final answer first, then review the worked steps.
Check the final answer first, then review the worked steps.
2. Find the length of the leg of the isosceles right triangle: For each cross-section perpendicular to the x-axis, the leg of the isosceles right triangle lies in the region R. The length of this leg at a given $x$ is the difference between the upper boundary ($f(x)$) and the lower boundary ($y=-2$). So, the length of the leg, $s(x)$, is given by:
$$s(x) = f(x) - (-2) = (x^{1/3} + 1) + 2 = x^{1/3} + 3$$
3. Determine the area of each cross-section: The area of an isosceles right triangle with leg $s$ is $
rac{1}{2}s^2$. Therefore, the area of each cross-section, $A(x)$, is:
$$A(x) = \frac{1}{2} [s(x)]^2 = \frac{1}{2} (x^{1/3} + 3)^2$$
Expanding this, we get:
$$A(x) = \frac{1}{2} ((x^{1/3})^2 + 2 \cdot x^{1/3} \cdot 3 + 3^2) = \frac{1}{2} (x^{2/3} + 6x^{1/3} + 9)$$
4. Set up the integral for the volume: The volume of the solid can be found by integrating the area of the cross-sections from $x=0$ to $x=3$:
$$V = \int_{0}^{3} A(x) dx = \int_{0}^{3} \frac{1}{2} (x^{2/3} + 6x^{1/3} + 9) dx$$
5. Evaluate the integral: We can pull the constant $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral:
$$V = \frac{1}{2} \int_{0}^{3} (x^{2/3} + 6x^{1/3} + 9) dx$$
Now, we find the antiderivative of each term:
$$ \int x^{2/3} dx = \frac{x^{2/3+1}}{2/3+1} = \frac{x^{5/3}}{5/3} = \frac{3}{5}x^{5/3} $$
$$ \int 6x^{1/3} dx = 6 \frac{x^{1/3+1}}{1/3+1} = 6 \frac{x^{4/3}}{4/3} = 6 \cdot \frac{3}{4}x^{4/3} = \frac{18}{4}x^{4/3} = \frac{9}{2}x^{4/3} $$
$$ \int 9 dx = 9x $$
So, the antiderivative of $(x^{2/3} + 6x^{1/3} + 9)$ is $(\frac{3}{5}x^{5/3} + \frac{9}{2}x^{4/3} + 9x)$.
Now, we evaluate the definite integral:
$$V = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{3}{5}x^{5/3} + \frac{9}{2}x^{4/3} + 9x \right]_{0}^{3}$$
$$V = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \left( \frac{3}{5}(3)^{5/3} + \frac{9}{2}(3)^{4/3} + 9(3) \right) - \left( \frac{3}{5}(0)^{5/3} + \frac{9}{2}(0)^{4/3} + 9(0) \right) \right]$$
$$V = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{3}{5}(3)^{5/3} + \frac{9}{2}(3)^{4/3} + 27 \right]$$
Using a calculator to approximate the values:
$$(3)^{5/3} \approx 6.24025$$
$$(3)^{4/3} \approx 4.60555$$
$$V \approx \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{3}{5}(6.24025) + \frac{9}{2}(4.60555) + 27 \right]$$
$$V \approx \frac{1}{2} \left[ 3.74415 + 20.724975 + 27 \right]$$
$$V \approx \frac{1}{2} \left[ 51.469125 \right]$$
$$V \approx 25.7345625$$
6. Round to the nearest thousandth: The problem asks to round the volume to the nearest thousandth.
$$V \approx 25.735$$