Identify congruence theorems or postulates for triangles based on diagram markings.

Check the final answer first, then review the worked steps.

Problem

Identify congruence theorems or postulates for triangles based on diagram markings.

Answer

LA, HL

Step-by-step solution

  1. Analyze the given information: The diagram shows two right triangles, $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle XYZ$. We are given that $\angle C$ and $\angle Z$ are right angles (indicated by the square symbol). We are also given that side $BC$ is congruent to side $YZ$ (indicated by the single tick marks) and side $AC$ is congruent to side $XZ$ (indicated by the double tick marks).
  1. Identify the type of triangles: Since both triangles have a right angle, they are right triangles.

3. Evaluate congruence postulates/theorems: We need to determine which of the given options can be used to prove $\triangle ABC \cong \triangle XYZ$ based on the markings.
* A. ASA (Angle-Side-Angle): This requires two angles and the included side to be congruent. We have one angle (the right angle) and two sides, but not the included angle. So, ASA is not applicable.
B. LA (Leg-Angle): This theorem applies to right triangles and states that if the leg and an acute angle of one right triangle are congruent to the corresponding leg and acute angle of another right triangle, then the triangles are congruent. We have a leg ($BC \cong YZ$) and an acute angle (e.g., $\angle A \cong \angle X$ or $\angle B \cong \angle Y$, which are not directly given but could be inferred if other conditions were met, or if we consider the right angle as an angle and $AC$ and $BC$ as legs). However, the LA theorem specifically requires a leg and an acute angle. We have two legs congruent ($AC \cong XZ$ and $BC \cong YZ$). If we consider $AC$ as a leg and $\angle A$ as an acute angle, we don't have $\angle A \cong \angle X$ given. If we consider $BC$ as a leg and $\angle B$ as an acute angle, we don't have $\angle B \cong \angle Y$ given. However, the LA theorem can also be interpreted as Leg and Angle. If we consider the congruent legs $AC$ and $XZ$, and the congruent right angles $\angle C$ and $\angle Z$, this would be Leg-Angle-Right Angle. But LA specifically refers to a leg and an acute angle. Let's re-examine the options and the provided markings. The markings show two pairs of congruent legs. The LA theorem is usually stated as Leg-Angle. Let's consider the possibility that one of the legs and the right angle are considered, which is not standard LA. However, if we consider the legs $AC$ and $BC$ and $XZ$ and $YZ$, and the right angles $\angle C$ and $\angle Z$, we have two legs and a right angle. This leads to LL. Let's reconsider LA. If we have a leg and an acute* angle, it's LA. We don't have acute angles given as congruent. Let's hold on to this and check other options.
* C. LL (Leg-Leg): This theorem applies to right triangles and states that if the two legs of one right triangle are congruent to the corresponding two legs of another right triangle, then the triangles are congruent. We are given $AC \cong XZ$ and $BC \cong YZ$. Since these are the legs of the right triangles, LL is applicable.
* D. SAS (Side-Angle-Side): This requires two sides and the included angle to be congruent. We have two pairs of congruent sides ($AC \cong XZ$ and $BC \cong YZ$), but the included angle is the right angle ($\angle C$ and $\angle Z$). So, SAS is applicable if we consider the right angles as the included angles. However, the question asks for congruence theorems or postulates. SAS is a general triangle congruence theorem. Since these are right triangles, specific theorems for right triangles are often preferred. Let's consider if SAS is valid in this context. Yes, if the included angles are congruent, SAS applies. So, SAS is a possibility.
* E. HL (Hypotenuse-Leg): This theorem applies to right triangles and states that if the hypotenuse and one leg of one right triangle are congruent to the corresponding hypotenuse and leg of another right triangle, then the triangles are congruent. We are given two pairs of congruent legs ($AC \cong XZ$ and $BC \cong YZ$), but we are not given that the hypotenuses ($AB$ and $XY$) are congruent. Therefore, HL is not directly applicable based on the given information.
* F. SSS (Side-Side-Side): This requires all three sides to be congruent. We only know that two pairs of sides are congruent. We do not know if the hypotenuses are congruent. So, SSS is not applicable.

  1. Re-evaluating LA: The LA theorem is for right triangles and states that if a leg and an acute angle are congruent. We have congruent legs and congruent right angles. This doesn't fit the standard LA. However, sometimes LA is used more broadly. Let's look at the options again. We have LL and SAS. Let's reconsider the possibility of LA. If we consider $AC$ as a leg and $\angle A$ as an acute angle, we don't have $\angle A \cong \angle X$. If we consider $BC$ as a leg and $\angle B$ as an acute angle, we don't have $\angle B \cong \angle Y$. So, standard LA is not directly applicable.
  1. Revisiting the problem and options: The problem asks which congruence theorems or postulates could be given. We ...